Smudging is the act of burning plant material for use in a purification ritual. With smudging sage, several varieties of sage, primarily white sage, are burnt, and the smoke is used for purification. When smudging …
Magic in Islam During Middle Ages
Magical practices still exist today throughout the Muslim world, as in the Middle Ages. They still arouse much interest. Their history is also closely linked to the development of science, Sufism, and Islamic mysticism. The …
Amulets and Talismans-Differences and Similarities
Since the beginning of human civilization, the man was looking for objects with supernormal abilities that would help him as offering protection, bringing luck, wealth, cure of illness and generally achieving goals and realization of …
The Brethren of Purity—(Ikhwān Al-Ṣafā’) And Occult Sciences
The Brethren of Purity (or Ikhwān al-Ṣafā’) were a mysterious Muslim group from the Middle Ages. The latter produced an outstanding work of encyclopedia literature unique to the Muslim world and outside. About fifty epistles …
Medieval Witch Trials in Europe
In the 15th Century, the crime of witchcraft could be prosecuted by both religious and secular courts of justice. When it was considered a heretic, and against the Sabbatical apostasy, it could fall under the …
The Witch Stereotype and the Crime of Witchcraft During the Late Middle Ages
According to Jonathan Barry, an acclaimed British historian, few other historical subjects have drawn the attention of historians and fanatics over the years as witchcraft has. This is no surprise as, over the last 200 …
